For more information, see also: The problem is that they are a mix of 304 and 316. Found inside – Page 125STAINLESS STEEL 125 Adhesive Joining ALLOY CLASSIFICATION Railings , intersecting members , and similar details can be joined by the use of bonding adhesives ... The types used primarily in architectural metalwork are 201 , 202 , 301 , 302 , 304 , and 316 . 2 . Ferritic stainless steels ( AISI 400 ) contain chromium as the primary alloying element and are magnetic . ... Because of its strength , lighter gages can be used as compared to other metals , thereby effecting economies . 303 Stainless Steel. Contrary to common belief, both 304 and 316 can be magnetic if cold worked. Found inside – Page 628that in the case of the 304 type the occurring of v - a transformation is more critically dependent of the chemical composition than in the case of the 316 type of stainless steel . Comparing the chemical analyses with the magnetic behaviour of ... A few percentages this way or that in chromium and nickel. austenitic stainless steel grade 302 and grade 304 are almost similar. Found inside – Page 28Modulus of elasticity of some stainless steels [ 5 ] Grade AISI Young's modulus ( KN / mm ) Shear modulus ( KN / mm ) 302 304 310 316 193 193 193 196 79 79 ... Passivation of Stainless Steel . 304, without the addition of molybdenum. the stainless steel chosen was austenitic, e.g. The most common grade of stainless steel is 304, or as referred to 18/8, and in metric A2. Some even know the stainless steel processing equipment forms an interior layer that protects the metal from damaging corrosion. Type 309S Stainless Steel is identical to Type 309 except for a lower carbon content that minimizes carbide precipitation and improves weldability. 1. This blog will show the difference between 316 and 304 stainless steel to decide which type is proper for your project. Stainless Steel Grade 316. 304 vs 316 Stainless Steel The main difference between 304 vs 316 stainless steel is the composition and corrosion resistance, SS304 doesn’t contain molybdenum while SS316 contains 2-3% molybdenum. and becomes strongly magnetic after even a small amount of cold work. The carbon content is held to 0.08% maximum, while the nickel content is increased slightly. It also has a higher level of corrosion resistance, including when exposed to salt water. These stainless steel grades resist corrosion, are durable in nature and can be easily formed and fabricated. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Different Stainless Steel Grades For Hot Rolled Profiles and for Cold Rolled Profiles. Not all stainless steel is created equal: learn about the differences between two common grades of stainless steel, 304 and 316. Ferritic stainless steels are typically magnetic as they have large quantities of ferrite in their chemical composition. Ferrite is a compound of iron and other elements. The combination of a ferritic crystal structure with iron makes ferritic stainless steels magnetic. For certain grades such as Types 302 and 304, the increase in magnetic permeability can be appreciable, resulting in these grades being Found inside – Page 34No reaction indicates Durimet K , Durimet T , 60 nickel - 15 chromium , and stainless steels 330 , 311 , 310 , 309 , 304 , 316 , 321 , 347 , 430 , and 446. It performs well against pitting and is also resistant to caustic chemicals. Work Hardening 404GP Stainless Steel. Stainless 304 usually consists of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Found inside – Page iiiCONTENTS Page SUMMARY V PROGRAM DESCRIPTION vii HIGHLIGHTS OF RESULTS 1 11 ... RELATIONSHIP FOR INTERSTITIALLY STRENGTHENED AISI 304 STAINLESS STEELS AT 4 ... There are several factors that come into play when choosing the type of stainless steel to use. microstructure of the steel. 304 stainless steel plate is a commercial grade of stainless steel and the most widely used stainless steel. Look at your average food processing or dairy equipment and you will see an austenitic stainless steel-based product. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. Found inside – Page 120Final report , 86 : 3069 ( R ; US ) STAINLESS STEEL - 316 Corrosion ... The stress corrosion resistance of Non magnetic stainless steels used in oil ... For superconducting magnet applications, the 4 K fatigue life curves of the cryogenic structural materials 304L and 316L stainless steel were obtained using axial-strain control conditions. When it comes to 316 stainless steel, you can expect better corrosion and pitting resistance to chlorides than 304 stainless steel and higher levels of strength at elevated temperatures. Both 304 and 316 stainless steel possesses paramagnetic characteristics. Similar to 304, Grade 316 stainless steel has high amounts of chromium and nickel. 0.1-3mm dia sphere for example) can be attracted to powerful magnetic … 304 is the most popular stainless steel alloy available on the market. "Stainless Steels: An Introduction and Their Recent Developments explains issues related to surface treatment, grain refinement, coloration, defect detection and powder metallurgy of stainless steels in detail with reference to new research ... 400 series is part of the 18-0 (18% Chromium and 0% Nickel) family. The magnetism myth is because the common magnetic grades of stainless steel, 409 and 430, don’t resist corrosion as well as the common non-magnetic grades, 304 and 316. Its main function in stainless 316 is to help fight off corrosion from chlorides. Stainless steel 304 vs. 316, which is better? It work hardens similar to carbon steel, so it doesn’t cause all the hassles familiar to workers with 304. Austenitic steels are non-magnetic stainless steels that contain high levels of chromium and nickel and low levels of carbon. This alloy was first developed by Firth Brown Steels nearly a century ago. 0.1‐3mm dia sphere for example) can be attracted to powerful magnetic separators positioned in the product stream. Most stainless steel ordered around the world is Grade 304. Found inside – Page 255For instance, a 2 cm diameter rod of AISI316 stainless steel in a mechanical ... would be titanium or Ti–6%Al–4%V, which has a magnetic susceptibility three ... This makes it much more resistant to rust. Type 316 is also austenitic, non-magnetic, and thermally nonhardenable stainless steel like Type 304. The magnetic behavior of stainless steels varies considerably by grade ranging from non-magnetic in fully austenitic grades (302, 304 and 316) to hard or permanent magnetic behavior in hardened martensitic grades (410, 420, 440, etc.). All austenitic stainless steels are paramagnetic, non-magnetic, in the fully austenitic conditionas occurs in well-annealed alloys. Found inside – Page 106The types used primarily in architectural metalwork are 201 , 202 , 301 , 302 , 304 , and 316 . 2 . Ferritic Stainless Steels ( AISI 400 ) contain chromium as the primary alloying element and are magnetic . They are hardened only slightly by heat ... Under certain circumstances, it is possible for objects made of 304 or 316 stainless steel to be magnetic – at least to some extent. Most stainless steel ordered around the world is Grade 304. casting users are often accustomed to the “equivalent” wrought grade which is AISI 316, which is nonmagnetic. The permeability increases with cold work due to deformation-induced martensite, a ferromagnetic phase. Do you have a need for austenitic stainless steel, like alloys 304, 309, 310, 321, or 316? Type 316 is also austenitic, non-magnetic, and thermally non-hardenable stainless steel like Type 304. Still, type 316 has more nickel than type 304 that helps 316 types resist more against chlorinated solutions such as seawater and de-icing salts. magnetism, built into the steel. Stainless Steel Grades: 303 – 304 – 420 – 440 – 440C . 316L is an Austenitic Stainless steel and 439 is a Ferritic stainless steel. The carbon content is held to 0.08% maximum, while the nickel content is increased slightly. 304 stainless steel is the most common stainless alloy and 316 is the second most common. It has good corrosion resistance and still maintains fair machinability. Found inside – Page 932.1.2 Martensitic stainless steels Martensitic stainless steels are similar in ... The most representative austenitic grades are AISI 304 and AISI 316. However, if they are cold worked they will be attracted to a permanent magnet. The more carbon these steels contain, the more hardenable they are. The chemistry of the alloys i.e. 304 grade stainless steel contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel while 316 grade stainless steel contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum, which is added to help resist against corrosion by chlorides (like sea water). The main difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel is the fact that 316 stainless contains a significantly increased amount of molybdenum. Buy Austenitic Stainless Steel Components Now . The addition of this transition metal increases 316’s corrosion resistance and also imparts high heat resistance of up to 1600°F. Found inside – Page 1820The magnetic moment of type 304 stainless steels increased with increasing plastic strain , while types 316 and 310 stainless steels exhibited only little ... 303 is a non-magnetic austenitic stainless steel that contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel. 1. A chemical is applied to 316. Recently we worked on a project where we were deep drawing 316 stainless steel which (be design) was selected as the material of preference because of it's resistance to magnetism. Type 316 contains slightly more nickel than 304 and 2-3% molybdenum giving it better resistance to corrosion than 304, especially in chloride environments that tend to cause pitting. This is used in everything from cars to cookware to buildings. The chromium provides a corrosion and oxidation resistance, however it can tarnish. It is the most commonly used stainless steel class in existence, accommodating an essentially endless list of applications. Found inside – Page 320... Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of 304 Stainless Steel , Corrosion , v . ... and K. Miya , ' Magnetic Force Microscopy Observation of Sensitized ... The Benefits of 316 Stainless Steel. Within the 300 series of stainless steels, there are four types that are suitable, available and cost effective for the racer. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. 316 stainless steel is a molybdenum-alloyed steel. 304 stainless steel contains a much higher percentage of chromium and nickel. Similar to 304, 316 stainless steel is a chromium-nickel stainless. The DC magnetic permeabilities range from 1.003 to 1.005 when measured with magnetizing forces of 200 Oersteds (16 kA/m). Since it is less expensive and easier to fabricate, stainless steel 304 alloy is the most widely used austenitic stainless steel in the world. 316 also contains silicon, manganese, and carbon, with the majority of the composition being iron. Found inside – Page 159Evaluation of Fatigue Damage in SUS316 and SUS316L Using the Flux - Gate ... SUS304 series and SUS316 series are typical austenitic stainless steels and are ... Type 304 stainless steel is non-magnetic, according to Scientific American. Stainless steel is a kind of steelthat refers to the amount of carbon (C) containing less than 2%, and more than 2% of that is iron. 316 stainless steel is an alloy that contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel, and 2% … Type 316 stainless steel is very similar to 304 stainless steel.It provides improved corrosion resistance over 304 stainless, especially when exposed to chlorides. 304 Stainless Steel has lower carbon to minimize carbide precipitation and is used in high-temperature applications. Furthermore, the weld efficiency and quality could be increased by lowering the content of carbon to produce a dual certified stainless steel grade like 304… Grade 304 steels portion of all stainless steel produced. This means that the 400 series stainless steel is less corrosion resistant and is magnetic, unlike the 300 series. Found inside – Page 18Thus the general conclusion is that 304 and 316 stainless steels can be used for underwater ... Austenitic stainless steels are basically non-magnetic. The magnetism myth is because the common magnetic grades of stainless steel, 409 and 430, don’t resist corrosion as well as the common non-magnetic grades, 304 and 316. 316, with its addition of molybdenum. Fact 4: 316 stainless steel is more expensive than 304. Ferritic stainless steels are ferromagnetic and have been used as soft magnetic components such as solenoid cores, pole pieces and return paths. For example, 18/8 stainless steel is comprised of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. For an example see this article on stainless steel 304 and 316. Austenitic stainless steel grades exhibit low magnetic permeability, because of which they do not show any response to magnets in the annealed condition. If the stainless steel skin of an appliance is relatively thin and the underlying core is ferromagnetic , a strong magnet will cling to the surface because the magnetic force penetrates through the stainless steel to the underlying material. This corresponds to a somewhat larger magnetic susceptibility than we might expect for other nonmagnetic materials, but is still well below what might be considered magnetic. Alloys with less than 20% chromium and 14% nickel fall into this unofficial category. 8%). 316L grade stainless is Surgical Steel. Grade 304 steel is non-magnetic and is prized for superior corrosion-resistance. The mechanical properties of both steel sheets are almost the same, and both have similar makeup material. In fact, all of the stainless steel coming into the USA from china and other countries are magnetic in some form. Found inside – Page 37Consequently 316 stainless steel containing higher amounts of nickel, ... While 304, with lower nickel content, may become mildly magnetic. Deciding whether to use grade 303 vs 304 stainless steel often comes down to determining what the application will be. There are more than 60 grades of stainless steel. We accept all types of stainless steel including 316, 304, and other 300 series. Found inside – Page xx... Sliding of SUS316L vs SUS316L and SUS316L vs Polyimide at 4 K . . ... A. Iwabuchi and T. Honda Fracture Toughness of 304 Stainless Steel in High ... These include the common 303, 304, and 316 alloys. It offers the standard corrosion resistance, formability, strength, and easy maintenance for which stainless is known. Grade 409 has 11% of chromium, which is plenty for automotive muffler systems". Many sanitary processors know that stainless steels such as 304 and 316 are "stainless" and resist corrosion because they are alloys with some key components. 400 Grade Stainless Steel. There is a test that I know of. Stainless steel are used at temperatures up to 1700° F for 304 and 316 and up to 2000 F for the high temperature stainless grade 309(S) and up to 2100° F for 310(S). You can’t expect them to. Found inside – Page 231... swelling 316 stainless steel , 2 : 14224 STAINLESS STEELS STAINLESS STEEL - 304 ... 2 : 14107 STAINLESS STEELS / MAGNETIC PROPERTIES Low - temperature ... Found inside – Page 559... of the pump impeller support to supplement to the magnetic bearings . ... and weld material of austenitic stainless steel ( 304L , 316L , 316LN ) and ... SAE 304 (Din X5CrNi18-10) is the most popular and versatile Stainless Steel type. Each of these stainless steel grades will resists corrosion, are quite durable, and are easily formed and fabricated. When you compare Stainless Steel 304 Vs 316, experts conclude 316 stainless steel has almost the same chemical composition as that of 304 stainless steels. 302 Stainless Steel is also formed into all types of washers, springs, screens and cables. Durability Three of the most common austenitic stainless steels are types 303, 304, and 316. Grades 304 and 430 Stainless Steel . Found insideThis book will be useful to scientists, engineers, masters, graduate students, and students. I hope readers will enjoy this book and that it will serve to create new materials with unique properties. Austenitic stainless steels like 304 or 316 stainless are good examples of this. Hence, the alloying cost for both stainless steels would also work out to be in the same or similar range. Found inside – Page 254Q.4 What is the difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel? ... The 400 series (which just contains Cr, and no or small amounts of Ni) are magnetic. This is due to their respective atomic microstructures, which are influenced by the alloying elements. they are not attracted significantly by a magnet. Grade 304 steels attain quite strong magnetic response following substantial cold working, while grades 310 and 316 will remain non-responsive to a magnet in most cases. It’s a low nickel steel used in surgical instruments, and other medical equipment. Found inside – Page 97[ 2 ] showed that Types 304 and 316 stainless steels would be suitable for heat ... The austenitic steels are non - magnetic as compared with the magnetic ... 304 Stainless Steel: This non-magnetic alloy is the most versatile and the most widely used of all stainless steels. SAE 316 (Din X5CrNiMo17-12-2) is the most popular stainless steel for harsh environments. Grade 301 on the other hand has a lesser amount of nickel and work hardens even more rapidly than does 304 …. These are 304, 316L, 321, and 347. 304 stainless steel plate is austenitic, meaning it will not attract or hold a magnet. "Test for Difference Between Type 316 and 304 Stainless Steel" A discussion started in 2000 but continuing through 2018. This designation is related to the microstructure of the metal The differences can be seen under an electron microscope in this picture A is austenitic (304) and B is ferritic (430). Having said that, the most widely used 300 series stainless steel alloys are 304 and 316. 18-8 stainless is another name for 304 stainless (18% chromium and 8% nickel). You might see magnetic forces that are 5-20% weaker compared to low carbon steel. There are other grades of stainless steel that are also suitable for food processing and handling such as the 200 series, 304 and 430 types. As mentioned above, however, 316 stainless steel is less malleable than 304 stainless steel. These two types of stainless steel are categorized by their microstructure. Introduction -- The Early Discoveries -- Discoveries of the Commercial Usefulness of Stainless Steel -- The Great Stainless Steel Symposium (1924) -- The Life of Harry Brearley (1871-1948) -- The Early Books and Papers on Stainless Steel ... But the upfront cost of 316 is a little higher than 304. And have similar corrosion resistance to 316. The Advantages of Using 321 SS vs. 304/304L SS. Follow up to discover the difference between 304 vs. 316 stainless steel. Some steels are only weakly magnetic, and some are not magnetic at all. Although related, these alloys differ in areas like chemical composition, material capabilities, and cost. The chromium binds oxygen to the surface of the product to protect the iron from oxidation (rust). Stainless 316 is made up of 16% chromium, 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum. Stainless steel 316 wrought grade and sheet metal are not magnetic. Type 304 vs 316 (SS304 vs SS316), difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel properties, strength, Rockwell hardness, cost and price, corrosion. It is an austenite steel and is only slightly responsive to magnetic fields. As a result of these properties small particles (approx. 321 and 347 are known as stabilized grades of stainless. So the answer to the question posed in the title of this article is yes and no. 2. Stainless steel 316 is more expensive as compared to 304, due to high corrosive resistance against chlorides. Have a corrosion resistance ability but less than grade 316. One result of this is a more widespread need to understand stainless steel with fewer resources to provide that information. All chrome steel is magnetic besides austenitic chrome steel which is definitely 300 sequence stainless corresponding to 304 and 316. This face centered cubic microstructure is a result of gamma-phase iron, which is otherwise known as austenite. 3. Stainless 316 contains more nickel than stainless 304, while 304 contains more chromium than 316. Both AISI 316 stainless steel and AISI 416 stainless steel are iron alloys. Magnetic Properties of 404GP Stainless Steel Magnetic Properties of Stainless Steel. All of the 300 series stainless (austenitic) steel is considered to be weakly magnetic in its annealed state. Non-Magnetic austenitic, and non-hard enable through heat treatment. Magnets stick to it. 316, with its addition of molybdenum. Since they are stainless, it is generally taken for granted that these alloys will not corrode, and these … However, three of the most popular grades are type 303 stainless steel, type 304 stainless steel, and type 316 stainless steel. 18/8 actually refers to the amount of chromium and nickel in the alloy – 18% chromium and 8% nickel. AISI 316 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel. It is easier to machine and cheaper compared to 316. 316 stainless steel is a molybdenum-alloyed steel. Stainless Steel Grade 316. Found inside – Page 175Austenitic stainless steels ( mainly type 316 and its modifications ) are used ... the dissolution of until 2 at % v in magnetic matrix reduce significantly ... Found inside – Page 153MRI imaging artifacts, ferromagnetism, and magnetic torque of several ... Although 304 and 316 SS are both austenitic and therefore nonmagnetic, ... For these applications, Type 316 is the answer. RE: 304 vs 316 stainless steel for shafts. Wrought, austenitic stainless steels, such as 304 and 316, are generally regarded as non-magnetic in the annealed condition, i.e. not rust), which called stainless steel. At first glance, it appears that type 304/304L SS is very similar to type 321 SS. While grade 304 stainless steel only has trace amounts of it, AISI 316 has considerably more. In the steel smelting process, adding chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) and other alloying elements improve the performance of steel so that the steel has a corrosion resistance (i.e. Description: Types 309 Stainless Steel and 309S are austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels that provide excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance plus good strength at room and elevated temperatures. 2. Found insideIf you have designs for wonderful machines in mind, but aren’t sure how to turn your ideas into real, engineered products that can be manufactured, marketed, and used, this book is for you. Austenite indicates they are non-ferromagnetic in nature. Stainless steel have good strength and good resistance to corrosion and oxidation at elevated temperatures. 316 Stainless Steel. The popular austenitic stainless steel grades 304, respectively 304L, as well as 316 or 316L and 316Ti are suitable for producing hot or cold rolled sections. As a result of these properties small particles (approx. While 316 comes in second in terms of quantities sold, it offers vastly superior corrosion resistance to chlorides and acids. Found insideThey can become magnetic by cold-working. Common 18-8 SS has 18% chromium and 8% nickel and 0.08% carbon. Typical 304 SS has tensile strength of 75 ksi (515 ... Examples of austenitic stainless steels are Type 302, 303, 304, 316 and 316L. Found inside – Page 152STAINLESS STEEL - 304L / PHYSICAL RADIATION SUBJECTS 152 STAINLESS STEEL ... NITRIDATION Nitriding of solution treated Aisi type 316 stainless steel ... They will cost less than 2205 or 316. Stainless steel 304 vs 430 weldability Most austenitic alloys have good weldability, and they can be welded using any conventional techniques. Grade 316 products usually only become slightly magnetic and 310 and 904L are almost totally non-magnetic no matter how severely cold worked. There are a wide variety of types of stainless steel, so if you aren’t sure what kind you have, Rockaway Recycling will be able to identify the type of stainless steel you have with our analyzer. 2000. When stainless steel items are cold worked or welded, or exposed to very low temperatures, the austenite can be converted to martensite or ferrite, which are both magnetic. Be as strong as 2205, and much stronger than 304 or 316. The '400' series stainless steels (about 18% chrome, but no nickel in them) that are often used in a kitchen are magnetic. It's the '300' series stainless steels (18% chrome plus 8-10% nickel) that are non-magnetic (even then, cold rolling the panels can make them magnetic). SS316 has only difference in molybdenum content which enables it corrosion protective in saline environments. 18/8, 304, A2 and 410 are more magnetic than 316 or A4 stainless steel. SS316 has only difference in molybdenum content which enables it corrosion protective in saline environments. What distinguishes Type 316 from Type 304 is the addition of molybdenum up to a maximum of 3%. 400 Grade Stainless Steel. It is often used in fast moving marine environments, as well … Well, it depends on the application and needs. 304, without the addition of molybdenum. It is an austenite steel and is only slightly responsive to magnetic fields. It also contains 18 – 20% chromium and 8-10.50% nickel, and lesser quantities of some other elements. Found inside – Page 88100 TYPE 301 TYPE 302 10 TYPE 304 0.1 Many features of solids can be ... 75 parts per million in type - 316 stainless steel and 1.4 percent in type - 304 ... The difference between the types of stainless steel is the amount of chromium and nickel found in each. Found inside – Page 88Principal Investigators : C . V . Dodd and W . A . Simp son , Jr . , Metals and Ceramics Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory . 100 TYPE 301 3 1 TYPE 302 _ 1 TYPE 304 1 . 0 . 1 Many features ... For example , increasing the cold work from 20 to 21 percent increases the permeability 75 parts per million in type - 316 stainless steel and 1 . 4 percent in ... Also , the instrument could detect the small amounts of ferrite , the magnetic structure of iron , formed in stainless steels by welding . Stainless steel is famous for its corrosion resistance, fire and heat resistance, hygiene, and high strength-to-weight properties. Grade 409 has 11% of chromium, which is plenty for automotive muffler systems. 316 stainless steel tends to be less magnetic than 304 stainless steel. Stainless steel has one of two atomic structures: Face-centered cubic (fcc) and; Body-centered cubic (bcc). These are principally 201, 301, and 304. This is due in part to the addition of molybdenum. Clinton offers SAE 304 stainless steel, which can also be found under the name A2 stainless steel or 18/8 stainless steel. The difference derives from molybdenum. Compared to SS316 wrought grade and sheet metal, CF8M is slightly magnetic due to having higher levels of ferrite. The most common grade of stainless steel (about 50 percent of the world's production) is grade 304. The molybdenum is added to help resist corrosion to chlorides (like sea water and de-icing salts). Have a corrosion resistance ability but less than grade 316. 304 stainless steel contains chromium (min. As a result, a relative permeability of K ∼ 1.002 to 1.005 are typically reported for 304 and 316 stainless steels in their annealed state. Q. I have about £1000 worth of perforated stainless steel sheets. 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Also contains 18 – 20 % chromium and 0 % nickel, and non-hardenable through heat treatment ; how they! To 304, and lesser quantities of some other elements Firth Brown steels nearly a ago. About the differences between two common grades of stainless steel cost comparison – is! And lesser quantities of ferrite moving marine environments, as well as 304 and 316 stainless steel are 304... Type 304 often used in everything from cars to cookware to buildings is magnetic, unlike the 300 series de-icing! Are used for more special conditions endless list of applications better than that of 316 is austenitic and is,... Contains Cr, significant differences in magnetic permeability, because of its strength, and commercial kitchen equipment grade considered!, A2 and 410 are more than 304 stainless chromium-nickel alloys that suitable!, 2202 and such chromium, 10 % nickel and low levels of carbon, with the majority of 300! 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